王立刚;建天成;牟海维;刘强;付天舒;

• 1:大庆石油学院电子科学学院

摘要：

利用噪声和信噪比的理论公式及等效电路模型,分析光电二极管检测电路噪声产生的原因.给出低噪声光电检测电路的设计原则,并设计基于光电二极管低噪声前置放大电路.结果表明:光电二极管的噪声主要是光转换器件内部电阻及PN结中载流子随机涨落引起的热噪声和散粒噪声,该噪声与光电二极管结构、材料、温度、工作电压及外部环境的干扰有关;前置放大电路的噪声主要与前置放大器的噪声电压、噪声电流、温度变化及反馈电阻有关.

关键词： 光电检测;噪声分析;电路设计;微弱信号

Abstract: This paper analyzes why photoelectric detection circuit makes a noise according to theoretical formula and the equivalent circuit model of noise and SNR.Noises of Photodiode are mainly thermal noises and shot noises which are caused by internal resistor of Optical conversion device and the random fluctuation of PN junction carrier.These noises have some connection with structures of photodiode,materials,temperature,operating voltage and the external environmental interference.The noise of the pre-amplifier circuit has more to do with noise voltage of the pre-amplifier circuit,noise current,temperature variation and feedback resistance.This paper designs the pre-amplifier circuit with low noise based on the photodiode and gives the principle of designing the photoelectric detection circuit with low noise according to analytical result.

Keywords: photoelectric detection;noise analysis;circuit design;weak signal

基金项目: 黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目资助(11521012)

通讯作者:

Email:

参考文献：

• [1]何俄章.线性测量系统中光电探测电路的设计[J].达县师范高等专科学校学报:自然科学版,2000,10(2):109-111.
• [2]王林涛,李开成,张健梅.低噪声光电检测电路的设计和噪声估算[J].武汉理工大学学报,2001,23(3):70-71.
• [3]刘正岐,付文羽.影响光电检测电路信噪比的因素[J].延安大学学报:自然科学版,2003,22(4):41-43.
• [4]刘彬,张秋婵.光电检测前置放大电路的设计[J].燕山大学学报,2003,27(3):193-196.
• [5]李晓坤.精密光电检测电路设计方案[J].电子产品世界,2003(23):37-39.
• [6]雷玉堂,王庆友,何加铭,等.光电检测技术[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2004:71,156-162.
• [7]霍戌文,李伟,李进,等.光电探测微信号放大器设计[J].浙江理工大学学报,2005,22(3):160-162.